Camera.



J. Wl BERWICK.

CAMERA.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. I4, 1913.

1,149,493. Patented Ang. 10,1915.

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JGHN W. BERWICK, O15' BROOKLYN, NEW' YORK.

CAMERA.

Specification of Letters Patent. patterning@ Angl, 1(1), 11931.50

AApplication filed November 14, 19313. Serial No. 800,900.

'To all H'mm it 'may concern n -le it known that I, JOHN il. Bnnwrcir, a citizen of the Dominion of Canada, residing at Brooklyn, county of lliings, and State of New York, have invented certain new` and useful Improvements r1n Cameras, of'

which the, following is a clear, full, and exact description.

This invention relates to cameras, and while it is applicable to plate exposing camerasyit is described in the following speciication as applied to a film camera.

In the operation of cameras it frequently ,happens that through.; inadvertence a second exposure will be made on the same plate or sensitive area.

A principal object of this invention is to prevent this occurrence. f

To this end a further object of the invention is to provide an arrangement whereby the mechanism lwhich advances the light sensitive member controls the actuation of the shutter so that a second actuation ot the shutter to expose the plate o1` film is alitomatieally prevented until a second unexposed area of the sensitive member is presented behind the shutter.

A. further object of the invention is to provide a camera having a shutter of very simple construction operating effectively and reliably in making exposures and adapted to ei'ect a time exposure or an instantaneous exposure.

Further objectsof the invention will' appear more clearly hereinafter The invention consists in the general combination of lparts and simplicityv of details hereinafter described, all of which `contribute to produce an eiiicient camera.

A. preferred embodiment'of my invention will be particularly described in the following-specification, while the broad scope of myr invention will-be pointed out in the appended claims.

in the drawings, Figure 1 .is a side elevation illustrating a camera .to which the invention applied: Fig. 2 is afront elevation with a front plate or cover of the camera removed. 'here the shutter is of the particular,-type illustrated` the parts will assume the relationshown in Fig. Q when the shutter is set ready Yfor an exposure; Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. Q but showing only the lower portion of the camera and presenting the shutter in a position as in making a time exposure; F ig. L1 is a View similar' to Fig. 3 but showing the shutter in its sprung or released position, that is immediately after an exposure; and Fig. 5 is a section'in a nearly horizontal plane passing through the spool and the shutter, and illustrating details of the parts when the invention has the embodiment illustrated.

Referring more particularly to the parts, when the invention is applied to a ilm camera, the film 1 is mounted in the camera 2 so as to be guided across the rear Wall of the camera so that the film is delivered from a supply-roll 3 to a take-up or receiving roll or spool t. -'ll` he camera box comprises an inner box 5 which slides into the outer portion or cover of the box from the right side as used in Fig. 1.. Between the side walls 6 of lthe inner box 5, the spool i may be mounted as illustrated, provided with akey 7 at one side which is arranged yin any suitable manner to enable the spool to be laced in position. As illustrated. the key may slide out to permit the spool to be inserted andtlien may he shoved inwardly to engage the radial slots of the spool by means of a feather 8 so as to rotate' the spool. i provide means for controlling the shutter of the camera when this spool a is rotated to ad- .vance the film for thenext exposure. |lhis is preferably accomplished by means ot a gear-wheel 9 which is co-axial with the key 7, and this gear-,wheel 9 preferably meshes with a second gear-wheel 10, the edge of which projects forwardly beyond the shutter-plate 11. 0n the inner face of this gearwheel 10, li prefer to Provide a cushion 12 ot felt or similar material. 0n the lit'ace ot the shutter-plate 11 1p1-Ovide a shutter 13 which mayfsimply consist of a disk such as that illustrated, y-said disk having a cam edge 14C having a depressed portion 15 and an elevated portion/16 which is preferably roughened or 'serrated in any suitable manner. The gear-wheell 10 is preferably pressed resiliently towaid the edge of the lshutter-13 by means of a yspring washer 17 held in place by the pivot screw 18, of the gear-wheel.` rl`he arrangement is such that when the elevated portion 16 of the disk is adjacent to the gear-wheel 10, the cushion 12 will be pressed by the gear-wheel against the disk 13 so that when the gear-wheel 10 rotates, it will rotate the shutter on its central pivot 19. The disk 13 of the shutter is preferably provided with an opening or gap 20 which is adapted to pass the exposing opening 21 of the camera.

At some rotating point on the disk such as the point 22, a spring 23 may be attached for the purpose of effectingl the exposure and one end of the spring may be held at a fixed point 24. When thiss'hutter is` in the position shown in Fig. 4, the elevated portion 16 of the shutter is in engagement with the cushion 12. This is the position after an exposure. When the bar 25 of the key Y is rotated to advance the film for thenext exposure, the edge of the cushion 12 engaging the edge 16 rotates the shutter in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 4,that is, it rotates the shuttervtoward its set position. Then this rotation has continued sufficiently to bring the point 22 beyond the line joining the pivot 19 of the shutter with the point 24, the spring will tend to pull the shutter away from its set position and toward its sprungposition., The shutter, however, is prevented from going to its sprung position in any suitable manner as by means of a stop 26 which inay'engage with a detaining means or finger 27 on a manually controlled member such as a lever 28. In this way the shutter is brought into the position 'shown in Fig. 2 and m this 'position the edge 15 is out ofy contact with the cushion 12 (or at least does not engage it with sufficient force) to enable it to rotate the shutter. The lever 28 is held in a normal position by any suitable means such as the spring 29, and the end of the lever may project through a slot V or ina'ny suitable mannerbe arranged to be operated from the exterior of the camera. When the lever is in the position shown in Fig. 2, if the end of the lever is moved down, the stop 28 will be -released and the spring 23 will immediately pull the shutter disk around to the position indicated in Fig. 4. This will give a single instantaneous e2.'- posure as the gap 20 passes the exposing opening 21. v

The lever or hand controlled member 28 isl independent of the take-up roll. 'Its movement effects a single exposure, and the next movement of the take-up roll sets the shutter for another exposure.

If it is desired to make a time exposure,

the lever 28 will be' moved up instead ofv down so that the exposing movement of the shutter will be arrested by means of a stop 30 which will come in contact with the finger 27 as indicated in Fig. 3. The lever can then be held in this position with the gap 20 at the exposing opening as longr as desired, and when the lever is moved down.

evidently the stop 30` will be released andl the shutter will then close, that is, it will continue its movement until it comes linto the'position illustrated in Fig. 4. In this Wayl effect an intermittent connection between .the`film-advancing means and the shutter, so that the shutter automatically disconnects itself from operation by the film-advancing means when it is in a set position, and after. an exposure the shutter is always left in a position so that it cannot be actuated to make a second exposure until the film is advanced to present a new unexposed area.

In order to prevent any possibility of the rotating movement of the key inadvertently being made in thel wronO direction, which might unset the shutter, provide any suitable check device to prevent such a reverse rotation. In order to accomplish this, I may provide simply al pinion 31 such as illustrated in Fig. 1, which normally meshes with the gear-wheel 9 only, being pressed by a spring 32 away from thegear-wheel 10. This locking pinion 31 evidently will not prevent a rotation in the direction of the arrow but if a rotation toward the right occurs, it will immediately move over against the gear-wheel l() and interm'esh with the teeth thereof and lock both gears 9 and 10 against further rotation in that direction.

vIt will be observed that in the construction of the camera illustrated, a slot 33 is provided in the edge of the outer cover of the camera which permits the shank of the key 7 to slide into position when the inner box 5 is shoved into place.

lVhile the shutter is described as consisting of a sim )le disk, itis evident that the shutter may e of any suitable construction which will effect the purposes of this invenbevmade vbut to prevent a second exposure 'until the light sensitive member is advanced preparatory to making the second exposure.

Attention is called to the fact that according to my invention the light-sensitive member is preferably advanced positively by rotation of the same part the rotation ot which sets the shutter for the next exposure. By the term positively, I mean without intervention of any other motive force, that is, the force which moves the thumb head or button T is directly transferred to the roll which draws the film along. It is understood that the embodiment of the invention set forth Vabove is only one of the manyembodiments or forms the invention may take,.-and I do not wish to be limited in the practice ofthe invention nor in ymy claims to-the particular features set vholding a light-'sensitive member, a shutter,

megane exposure, hand operated detaining meansv for detaining said shut-ter to prevent the same from effecting an exposure, a take-up -roll for advancing the iilm, said shutter having a set position and being movable independently of said take-up roll by said spring from said set position in effecting the exposure, and means for ed'ecting a connection between said take-up roll and said shutter after the exposure to enable the rotation ot' said take-up roll to set the shutter.

4. In a camera, in combination, a take-up roll for advancing the film before effecting the exposure, a'shutter, a hand controlled member independent of said take-up roll, means controlled thereby tor actuating lsaid shutter to edect a single exposure, and means actuated by the said take-up roll for setting said shutter for effecting a second exposure.

5. ln a camera, in combination, means for holding alight-sensitive member, a shutter adapted to assume a set position for making the exposure, and adapted 'to assume a"sprung position after an exposure, advancing means for advancing said lightsensitive member for a second exposure, a moving part moving therewith,said shutter having means for connecting itselie with said moving part when in its sprung position whereby the actuation of said advanc- 'ing means moves said shutter toward its set position, said shutter having means for disconnecting itself from said moving part when in its set position whereby the actuation of said advancing means may then be incapable of moving said shutter.

6. ln a camera, incombination, means for means for holding said shutter in a set position for making an exposure, means for advancingsaid light-sensitive member, a moving part adapted to rotate when the light-sensitive `member is advanced, said shutter having an edge adapted to engage with said moving part to rotate said shutter toward 'its set position kwhen the light- `sensitive member 1s advanced, said edge having a depressed portion adapted` to be out of contact with said moving part when the shutter is in. its set .position-thereby preventing the movement of said shutter by said moving part until the exposure is made.

7. lin a camera, in combination, means for holding a light-sensitive member, a shutter, means for holding said shutter in a set position for making an exposure, means for advancing said light-sensitive member, a moving part adapted to rotate when the light-sensitive member is advanced, said shutter having an edge adapted to engage with said moving part to rotate said shutter toivard its set position when the light-sensitive member is advanced, said edge having a depressed portion'adapted to be out of contact with said moving part when` the shutter is in its set" position thereby pre venting the movement of said shutter by said `moving part until the exposure is made, a spring connected with said shutter and tending to move the same to make an exposure when said shutter is in its set position.

8. In a camera, in combination, means tor holding a light-sensitive member, means for advancing said light-sensitive member after ,an exposure has been made, a moving part arranged to rotate ivlien said last means is actuated, shutter mechanism including a disk having a cam edge coperating with said moving part and engaging therewith to enable said moving part to move said shutter toivard its set" position and arranged to prevent the movement of said shutter by said moving part when said shutter is in its set position, and a manually-operated member controlling the said shutter to make the exposure.

9; in a camerayin combination, means itor holding a light-sensitive member, means for ad 'ancing said light-sensitive member after an exposure, a moving part adapted to rotate when said last means is actuated, shutter mechanism including a disk having means for intermittently connecting the same with said moving part ivhereby the rotation ot said moving part may rotate said disk toward its set position, a spring-` tending to move said shutter from its set position, said shutter having a stop, and a inaniially-operated member coperating with said stop to hold said shutter in its set position.

'10. lin a camera, in combination, means for holding a light-sensitive member, means itor advancing said light-sensitive member after an exposure, a moving part adapted to rotate when said last means is actuated, shutter mechanism including a disk having means tor intermittently connecting the same with said moving part whereby the rotation oi said moving part may rotate said disk toivardits set position, a spring tending to move said shutter from itsfset,

position, said shutter having a stop, and al iiianuaily-operated member coiipeiating with said stop to hold said shutter in its set position, said shutter having a second stop cooperating with said manually-operated member to hold said shutter open for making a time exposure.

11. In a camera, in combination, means for holding a light-sensitive member, a shutter comprising a rotatable disk having a gap therein, through which an exposure may be made, a lever for controlling the movement of said shutter, said shutter having means cooperating with said lever to hold said shutter in its set position ready for an exposure, a spring connected with said shutter tending to move said shutter from its set position, a second means cooperating with' said lever which may arrest the movement of said shutter to make a time exposure, and means for controlling the actuation of said shutter through the agency of said means for advancing said light-sensitive member. l

12. In a camera, in combination, a takeup rol for advancing the film before eli'ecting the exposure, a shutter, a hand contolled member independent of said take-up roll, means controlled thereby when moved from its normal position for actuating said shutter to effect a single exposure, means for normally holding 4said hand controlled member in its normal position, and means actuated by the said take-up roll for setting said shutter for effecting a second exposure.

13. In a camera, in combination, a shutter comprising a disk having a cam edge, said cam edge having an elevated portion and a depressed portion, a rotatable member located adjacent to said edge, means for yieldingly pressing said rotatable member and said disk toward each other to effect an engagement between the said elevated portion,

of said cam edge and said rotatable member and arranged to prevent an lengagement of the depressed portion of said edge with said member, a spring associated with said shutter, and a manually-controlled member cooperating with said shutter to control the same to make the exposures.

14. In a camera, in combination, a shutter comprising a disk having a cam edge, said cam edge having an elevated portion and a depressed portion, a rotatable member lo- Ycated adjacent to said edge, means for yieldingly pressing said rotatable member and said disk toward each other to eect an engagement between the said elevated portion of said cam edge and said rotatable member and arranged to prevent an engagement of the depressed portion of said edge with said member, a spring associated with said shutter, and a manually-controlled Vmember cooperating with said shutter to control the,

same to make the exposures, means for holding a light-sensitive member, and means for advancing the light-sensitive member connected with said rotatable vmember for controlling said shutter therefrom.

15. In a camera, in combination, a takeup roll for advancing the film before effecting the exposure, a shutter, a4 hand controlled member independent of said takeup roll, means controlled thereby when moved from its normal position for actuating said shutter to effect a single exposure, means for normally holding said hand controlled member in its normal position, means actuated by the said take-up roll 'for setting said shutter for eli'ecting a second exposure, and a check-device for preventing a reverse movement of'said take-up roll.

16. In a camera, in combination, a takeup roll for advancing the film beforek eiecting the exposure, a shutter, a hand controlled member lindependent", of said takeup roll, means controlled thereby-for actuating said shutter to effect a single exposure, and means on saidy shutter for effecting a connection with said take-upv roll after the exposure is eected to move the shutter and thereby set the same. for the next exposure.

Signed at New York, N. Y. this 13 day of November 1913. f

JOHN W. BERWICK.

Witnesses:

BEATRICE Mmvis, ABRAMA BnRNs'rEN. 

